Rome, the capital of Italy, is a historic city with a rich heritage spanning nearly three millennia. With over 4.5 million residents, it is the country’s most populous city, located in central-western Italy along the Tiber River. Enclosed within Rome is Vatican City, the world’s smallest independent country, giving Rome the unique distinction of being the capital of two states.

Founded in 753 BC, Rome has earned nicknames such as “The Eternal City” and “Caput Mundi” (Capital of the World). During the Renaissance, it became a major cultural hub and later the birthplace of Baroque and Neoclassical styles, attracting renowned artists, architects, and sculptors who left behind iconic masterpieces.

In modern history, Rome became the capital of the Kingdom of Italy in 1871 and retained its status when Italy transitioned to a republic in 1946. Today, it stands as a testament to its enduring influence on art, architecture, and culture